If any hazards are discovered within a non-permit space, the space is to be considered permit-required and the components of the permit system apply. The University of Vermont has not identified non-permit confined spaces.
A permit is required if the space meets the criteria of a confined space and also has the following hazards:. Examples of Permit-Required Confined Spaces include storage tanks, concrete vaults, boilers, rail cars, sumps, wastewater holding tank, and underground maintenance pits.
A list of permit-required confined spaces is included in Appendix C. In cases where employees plan to enter a Permit-Required Confined Space that has not been entered previously, or no historical documentation of the conditions inside exists, the following is required:.
If for any reason the procedures and operations used at a site are judged to be inadequate by the team or the supervisor, the supervisor has the authority and responsibility to cancel the permit and revise the program to correct deficiencies. In cases where employees have previously entered a space and have a documented history that the only hazard is atmospheric and that forced air ventilation has sufficiently maintained the atmospheric concentrations within acceptable ranges, the following requirements apply.
The purpose of Personal Protective Equipment PPE is to shield or isolate individuals from the chemical, physical, and biological hazards that may be encountered during confined space operations, as it is not always apparent when exposure occurs.
Chemicals and petroleum products can cause serious injury and death if inhaled or when coming in contact with unprotected skin. It is important the PPE users realize that no single combination of protective equipment and clothing is capable of protecting a worker against all hazards. PPE can itself create significant hazards to the wearer such as heat stress and physical and psychological stress in addition to impaired vision, mobility, and communication. PPE should be selected on a case-by-case basis because overprotection as well as under protection can be hazardous and should be avoided.
The University of Vermont utilizes contractors to perform tank testing, inspections, and cleaning. Contractors are required to adhere to The University of Vermont's Confined Space Entry Program at all times when entry into a vessel is performed.
Contractors may follow their own program providing it is submitted to the Loss Prevention Specialist prior to performing work. All contractor confined space entry programs will be reviewed to assure that they are at least as stringent as the University of Vermont's program.
Employees of the University of Vermont who are authorized to provide rescue service are provided with, and trained to use, the personal protective equipment and rescue equipment necessary for making rescues from permit spaces. Each member of the rescue service shall be trained to perform the assigned rescue duties. Each member of the rescue service shall also receive the training required of authorized entrants. Each member of the rescue service shall practice making permit space rescues at least once every 12 months, by simulated rescue operations in which they remove dummies, mannequins, or actual persons from the actual permit space or from representative permit spaces.
One member of the rescue service shall be trained in basic first-aid and in cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR. Prior to permit-required confined space entry, the entry supervisor will confirm that the on-site rescue service is located on the University grounds and prepared to respond. A means for summoning those services will be established prior to entry. All confined space permits are to be copied and forwarded to the Loss Prevention Specialist who will review the permits annually, or sooner.
Changes will be made as needed to update the program and correct noted deficiencies. The Confined Space Entry Permit will be located near the confined space entry point. It will be readily accessible and visible to all who must enter the confined space and will be in a waterproof pouch. In order to properly complete a permit, the following elements should be addressed:. The responsibility for isolating the confined space for safe entry and exit rests with a designated attendant.
UVM Forward. This policy establishes the procedures to be used by University of Vermont employees for entry into confined spaces defined by OSHA as meeting the following criteria: Any space that is not ordinarily inhabited by people and is large enough for an individual to enter Has limited or restricted entry or exit for example, tanks, vessels, silos, storage bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits are spaces that may have limited means for entry Is not designed for continuous employee occupancy Entry into a confined space has occurred if any part of the person's body breaks the plane of an opening to a confined space.
Policy The policy of the University of Vermont is to adequately safeguard all employees during the performance of their jobs. Non-Permit Required Confined Space A confined space that poses no threat to life or health, with the exception of a hazardous atmosphere that can be eliminated through continuous forced air ventilation, can be defined as a non-permit required confined space. Permit-Required Confined Spaces A permit is required if the space meets the criteria of a confined space and also has the following hazards: The area contains, or has a known potential to contain, a hazardous atmosphere.
This may be an atmosphere with toxic gases above the OSHA permissible exposure limit PEL , poor natural ventilation, or an atmosphere with an insufficient amount of oxygen, less than The area contains material with the potential to engulf an entrant. This may be either a solid or a liquid. The area has an internal configuration such that an entrant could be trapped by inwardly conveying walls or by a floor that slopes downward and tapers to a smaller cross-section.
The area contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazard, which may be physical, biological, or mechanical Examples of Permit-Required Confined Spaces include storage tanks, concrete vaults, boilers, rail cars, sumps, wastewater holding tank, and underground maintenance pits. Eliminate pressure buildup before entry cover is removed, if applicable. Guard opening to the entrance with a railing or other barrier. Review procedures necessary for safe entry with team.
Ventilate the space to control atmospheric hazards. Ventilation may be either positive or negative pressure. Personal protective equipment PPE including hard hats, gloves, safety shoes, coveralls, and respirators when applicable Intrinsically safe lighting labeled as Class I Division I Ladders, if needed Harness, lifeline and winch or pulley Station at least one attendant outside of the space for the entire duration of the entry whose sole responsibility is to monitor activities within the space, and prevent entry by unauthorized persons.
Plan in advance procedures for summoning rescue and emergency services. Confined spaces are addressed in specific OSHA standards for general industry, maritime, and construction. More ». Provides references that may aid in recognizing and evaluating hazards and possible solutions related to confined spaces. Safety and Health Topics Confined Spaces. Confined Spaces. Provides workers and employers guidance on calibrating and testing direct-reading portable gas monitors hereafter, "DRPGMs" or "instruments".
Explains what workers should do before entering a confined space, such as an underground vaults, tanks, storage bins, silos or manholes. Shipyard Employment. OSHA eTool. Confined and enclosed space operations have a greater likelihood of causing fatalities, severe injuries, and illnesses than any other type of shipyard work.
Helps workers identify and control the hazards that cause the most serious confined space-related injuries.
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